Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources:
Ballerentertainment. 15 April 2011. Ballerentertainment. 6 December 2012.
http://ballertainment.com/2011/04/jackie-robinson-celebrated-by-all-of-mlb-today/.
One of my pictures of Jackie Robinson came from this website.
Bio. 2012. Bio. 6 December 2012. http://www.biography.com/people/jackie-robinson-9460813
Web.
I used a picture from this website.
espn.go.com. 2012. ESPN. 6 December 2012. Web.
I got several pictures of players off of this website. The players included important subjects like Satchel Paige and Ernie Banks.
National Archives. 2012. United States Government. http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/jackie- robinson/quotes.html. Web.
This was an important source. It gave me many more correspondences that Robinson had with other presidents. It also made the search for a certain letter much easier. It also listed several different telegrams and other memos sent by Robinson to various political figures and establishments. It also included some of Jackie's most famous quotes as well.
Robinson, Jackie. First Class Citizenship: The Civil Rights Letters of Jackie Robinson. Ed. Michael
G. Long. New York: Times Books, 2007. Print.
This book was a collection of letters written by Jackie Robinson from
1946-1972. It displayed Robinson’s political side. A good number of these
letters were written as civil rights movement letters, designed to change laws
and move men’s hearts. This book was more focused on Jackie Robinson as a civil
rights activist than Jackie Robinson as a baseball player. This book showed that
Jackie Robinson was not only concerned about baseball. He also wanted to
eradicate any form of prejudice or segregation.
solipsis.com. 2012. 6 December 2012. Web.
I found a few pictures for the project on this website. The figures in these pictures included integration-era black stars like Satchel Paige, Mudcat Grant, and Larry Doby. It also included some information on a few players.
Youtube.com. Uploaded by frusso5621.
This was a video of Satchel Paige's pitching mechanics.
Youtube.com. Uploaded by MLBFanCave.
This was a brief video that listed several famous black and Hispanic players that came after Jackie Robinson.
Youtube.com. Uploaded by TheBaseballHall.
This video was a collection of brief clips from Larry Doby's career.
Secondary Sources:
Chadwick, Bruce. When the Game was Black and White. New York: Abbeville Pr., 1992. Print.
This book showed me what the divisions between the major leagues and the Negro Leagues were like. The Negro Leagues were not organized. They were ragtag groups of teams that played against each other. This book showed me what life was like for Negro League teams.
Eig, Jonathan. Opening Day: The Story of Jackie Robison’s First Season. New York: Simon and
Schuster, 2007. Print.
This book helped me understand what Jackie Robinson had to go
through during his first year in the major leagues. It chronicled the highs and
lows of Robinson’s initial season. Compared to other sources, this book was more
centered on Jackie’s first year in the major leagues than on his career as a
whole. This book supports my argument because it shows how much Jackie Robinson
was able to change baseball in just his first year.
Jacobson, Steve. Carrying Jackie’s Torch: The Players who Integrated Baseball. Chicago:
Lawrence Hill Books, 2007. Print.
Reading this book showed me how much work was still needed after
Jackie Robinson left the major leagues. For many years after integration, black
players were still segregated and considered inferior to white players. This
book also showed the painful transition some of the best black baseball players
had to make when they transitioned from the Negro Leagues to the MLB. This book
focuses on players other than Jackie Robinson, like Mudcat Grant, Chuck Harmon,
Alvin Jackson, and Ernie Banks. These players, along with many others stood
unflinching in the face of prejudice and hatred. This book tells the story of
the countless others beside Jackie Robinson who integrated
baseball.
Swaine, Rick. The Black Stars who Made Baseball Whole: The Jackie Robinson Generation in
the Major Leagues, 1947-1959. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland and Company, Inc.,
Publishers, 2006. Print.
This book was about the black players who played with Jackie
Robinson in the integration era. It depicted the movement for equal rights for
black players. Instead of focusing on one particular player, it showed the
integration movement as a whole. This book supports my argument that while
Jackie Robinson was a key piece in integrating baseball, his companions should
also be remembered for standing with him. This book shows that he was not always
alone.
Ballerentertainment. 15 April 2011. Ballerentertainment. 6 December 2012.
http://ballertainment.com/2011/04/jackie-robinson-celebrated-by-all-of-mlb-today/.
One of my pictures of Jackie Robinson came from this website.
Bio. 2012. Bio. 6 December 2012. http://www.biography.com/people/jackie-robinson-9460813
Web.
I used a picture from this website.
espn.go.com. 2012. ESPN. 6 December 2012. Web.
I got several pictures of players off of this website. The players included important subjects like Satchel Paige and Ernie Banks.
National Archives. 2012. United States Government. http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/jackie- robinson/quotes.html. Web.
This was an important source. It gave me many more correspondences that Robinson had with other presidents. It also made the search for a certain letter much easier. It also listed several different telegrams and other memos sent by Robinson to various political figures and establishments. It also included some of Jackie's most famous quotes as well.
Robinson, Jackie. First Class Citizenship: The Civil Rights Letters of Jackie Robinson. Ed. Michael
G. Long. New York: Times Books, 2007. Print.
This book was a collection of letters written by Jackie Robinson from
1946-1972. It displayed Robinson’s political side. A good number of these
letters were written as civil rights movement letters, designed to change laws
and move men’s hearts. This book was more focused on Jackie Robinson as a civil
rights activist than Jackie Robinson as a baseball player. This book showed that
Jackie Robinson was not only concerned about baseball. He also wanted to
eradicate any form of prejudice or segregation.
solipsis.com. 2012. 6 December 2012. Web.
I found a few pictures for the project on this website. The figures in these pictures included integration-era black stars like Satchel Paige, Mudcat Grant, and Larry Doby. It also included some information on a few players.
Youtube.com. Uploaded by frusso5621.
This was a video of Satchel Paige's pitching mechanics.
Youtube.com. Uploaded by MLBFanCave.
This was a brief video that listed several famous black and Hispanic players that came after Jackie Robinson.
Youtube.com. Uploaded by TheBaseballHall.
This video was a collection of brief clips from Larry Doby's career.
Secondary Sources:
Chadwick, Bruce. When the Game was Black and White. New York: Abbeville Pr., 1992. Print.
This book showed me what the divisions between the major leagues and the Negro Leagues were like. The Negro Leagues were not organized. They were ragtag groups of teams that played against each other. This book showed me what life was like for Negro League teams.
Eig, Jonathan. Opening Day: The Story of Jackie Robison’s First Season. New York: Simon and
Schuster, 2007. Print.
This book helped me understand what Jackie Robinson had to go
through during his first year in the major leagues. It chronicled the highs and
lows of Robinson’s initial season. Compared to other sources, this book was more
centered on Jackie’s first year in the major leagues than on his career as a
whole. This book supports my argument because it shows how much Jackie Robinson
was able to change baseball in just his first year.
Jacobson, Steve. Carrying Jackie’s Torch: The Players who Integrated Baseball. Chicago:
Lawrence Hill Books, 2007. Print.
Reading this book showed me how much work was still needed after
Jackie Robinson left the major leagues. For many years after integration, black
players were still segregated and considered inferior to white players. This
book also showed the painful transition some of the best black baseball players
had to make when they transitioned from the Negro Leagues to the MLB. This book
focuses on players other than Jackie Robinson, like Mudcat Grant, Chuck Harmon,
Alvin Jackson, and Ernie Banks. These players, along with many others stood
unflinching in the face of prejudice and hatred. This book tells the story of
the countless others beside Jackie Robinson who integrated
baseball.
Swaine, Rick. The Black Stars who Made Baseball Whole: The Jackie Robinson Generation in
the Major Leagues, 1947-1959. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland and Company, Inc.,
Publishers, 2006. Print.
This book was about the black players who played with Jackie
Robinson in the integration era. It depicted the movement for equal rights for
black players. Instead of focusing on one particular player, it showed the
integration movement as a whole. This book supports my argument that while
Jackie Robinson was a key piece in integrating baseball, his companions should
also be remembered for standing with him. This book shows that he was not always
alone.